Cristian Parrino, Chief Sustainability Officer, OpenUK
State of Open: The UK in 2022
Phase One: “The Open Source Journey”
OpenUK’s Societal Value Metrics for Open Technology project, launched in 2022, seeks to measure the non-economic impact of Open Technology on society, aligning with sustainability goals. OpenUK’s sustainability strategy, initiated in 2021, emphasises Open Technology’s role in achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Departing from traditional economic metrics, the project aims to define and measure the societal value of Open Technology. Early adopters of community-focused metrics include New Zealand and Amsterdam. The project’s first phase involves a literature review to understand existing measurement frameworks. Key considerations include defining value themes for Open Technology, aligning them with SDGs, and determining non-economic measurement outputs. The initiative reflects a global shift towards holistic, community-centric sustainability metrics.
Societal Value Metrics for Open Technology – Thought Leadership
Cristian Parrino, Chief Sustainability Officer, OpenUK
OpenUK launched its first sustainability strategy in 2021 and as a result embarked on a journey to elevate the role of Open Technology in society as an enabler across the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and hosted its Open Technology for Sustainability Day at COP26 in November 2021.
Adopting open principles and Open Technology across government, business and academia is fundamental to facilitate the change required to achieve the prosperity of all people and of the planet. Open Technology is effectively collective equity, a public good, which can be used by changemakers to support them in solving the societal problems they are being affected by, across the full sustainability spectrum – equality, education, climate, health, poverty, fair work, environment, justice and community.
When framing the role of Open Technology in this way, the natural next step is to understand how that societal value can be measured.
Most societal value measurement frameworks available in the UK (Cost-Benefit Analysis, Wellbeing Valuation, Social Return of Investment, TOMS Framework) place a monetary value on societal value. We believe it’s time we shift the measure of success away from perpetual economic growth, to a variety of societally focused metrics capable of representing the health and wellbeing of all people and the planet.
We’re not alone – many existing movements across sustainability have been shifting their attention to community level solutions. This communities over economics movement already has some major early adopters. New Zealand announced that it is ditching GDP for a new happiness and wellbeing metric under prime minister Jacinda Arden, Amsterdam has followed suit with its adoption of its own doughnut economic model44 and Shanghai and several other cities in China have been working on similar metrics for some time.
We kicked off the Societal Value Metrics for Open Technology project in March 2022, in collaboration and with the support of the newly created OpenUK Sustainability Advisory Board45 sponsored by Intel, composed of people working on a broad spectrum of sustainability issues across government, business, academia, technology and NGOs. The scope of the project is as simple as it is challenging: how do we measure the contribution of Open Technology to society, in non-economic terms?
The first (and current) phase of the project is an extensive literature review in order to understand the landscape of measuring the societal value of something (technology, public services, infrastructure, buildings, etc), and how each of these initiatives defined their value themes, how those value themes align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)46, what is being measured against them, and what examples of non-monetary measurement units have been used.
Three cases from this literature review can be used to summarise the societal value measurement landscape:
Digital Public Goods Registry
For the technology sector, the Digital Public Goods Alliance has created a registry of open technology solutions that directly benefit at least one SDG and can therefore be considered a “digital public good”.47 This includes full solutions using Open Source Software, open data, open AI models, open standards or open content. It does not include components, code in the stack, or open hardware solutions. The qualifying criteria for belonging on the registry takes into account the solution’s relevance to the SDGs, the use of approved open licenses, clear ownership, platform independence, documentation, data privacy mechanism, and a do not harm by design approach. It does not attempt to measure the value of the solutions in the registry.
Scotland National Performance Framework
The Scottish Government published this framework to give a measure of national well being across social, environmental and economic indicators in order to inform public services reform, procurement, and equality policy development. The value themes being measured, or outcomes, include Children & Young People, Communities, Culture, Economy, Education, Environment, Fair Work & Business, Health, Human Rights, International, and Poverty. Each of these outcomes, which are essentially a localisation of the SDGs, are broken down into several indicators (81 in total) which determine the performance across each outcome as follows: Improving, Maintaining, Worsening, TBC, In Development.
UKGBC Delivering Social Value Measurement
For the built environment, the UK Green Buildings Council (UKGBC) has published their framework to measure the social value (environmental, economic and social) of buildings and places. It focuses on the development life cycle of buildings and places, which includes Investment, Planning, Design, Construction and Operation and their contribution to the following value themes: Jobs & Economic Growth; Health, Wellbeing & Environment; Strength of Community (with specific indicators for each theme). The measurement output is always a monetary value.
During the next phases of the Societal Value Metrics for Open Technology project, the working group will be considering the following questions:
- What Open Technology (hardware, software, data) is being measured? This includes understanding where it resides, and how code in the stack, components and partial solutions are considered.
- How should the value themes be defined for Open Technology and how do these align with the SDGs?
- What is the non-economic measurement output for each value theme?
“In terms of sustainability, it’s something that doesn’t come up enough in Open Source Software. A lot of the impetus seems to be on hyper scalars for this kind of stuff – if we start to try and build much more efficient software, and consider how we actually architect things, there’s currently not a way to say, OK, this workload will probably consume this much energy, run it at night in these locations, stuff like that. We don’t have that sort of as part of it yet but we need it.”
Joseph Salisbury, VP Engineering, Giant Swarm
“Fitting to the philosophies and beliefs of CIVO, both on the software which we wanted to be open, but on the hardware, we chose to be open as well. We contribute back as an Open Compute member. We only buy Open Compute hardware currently and there’s real efficiency savings. It’s great for sustainability as well.“
Mark Boost, CEO, Civo.com